Rainforests are found in the Ro San Juan Department and in the autonomous regions of RAAN and RAAS. Facts About Nicaragua | Lands and Peoples - JW.ORG The Act of Independence of Central America dissolved the Captaincy General of Guatemala in September 1821, and Nicaragua soon became part of the First Mexican Empire. [29]:193[32]:92 Columbus explored the Mosquito Coast on the Atlantic side of Nicaragua[39] but did not encounter any indigenous people. It has the largest lake in Central America The tectonic origin freshwater lake is in Nicaragua, and it is called Lake Nicaragua. PATH. The "lower" peasants are typically smallholders without sufficient land to sustain a family; they also join the harvest labor force. [260] After centuries of popular performance, the play was first published in a book in 1942.[261]. 22. ", "El origen de "Nicarao-agua": la Traicin y la Paz", "De Macuilmiquiztli al Gegence pasando por Fernando Silva", "Encuentro del cacique y el conquistador", "Choque de lenguas o el mestizaje de nuestro idioma", Gloria Helena Rey, "The Chibcha Culture Forgotten, But Still Alive", "Letter of Columbus on the Fourth Voyage", Making the First Global Trade Route: The Southeast Asian Foundations of the AcapulcoManila Galleon Trade, 1519-1650 (Page 163), "California Filibusters: A History of their Expeditions into Hispanic America (excerpt)", "US violence for a century: Nicaragua: 191233", "General Augusto C. Sandino: The Constitutional War", "History of U.S. Violence Across the Globe: Washington's War Crimes (191233)", "Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice", "SOMOZA'S NATION CALLED HIS FIEF; Rule of Nicaraguan General, Beginning With 1935 Coup, Was Seldom Challenged PRESIDENT FIRST IN '37 Graduate of Business School in U.S., He Acquired Great Wealth During Regime", "Against all odds: U.S. policy and the 1963 Central America Summit Conference", "Nicaragua: Diversification and Growth, 194577", "History of Nicaragua: The Beginning of the End", "Nicaraguan Exiles Find A Place In The Sun: Miami", "Families Struggle to Maintain Life Style: Sandinista Rule Not Easy on Middle Class", "Nicaragua: Growth of Opposition, 198183", "Mines and Underwater IEDs in U.S. [131] However, in October 2017, Nicaragua made the decision to join the agreement. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. [242], The Nicaraguan government guarantees universal free health care for its citizens. 8 Interesting Facts About Nicaragua There are active volcanoes in Nicaragua. North America 40+ Interesting & Fun Facts About Nicaragua that Might Not Know Written By Ahmed Tushar Nicaragua is a nation of Central America. It was founded by the early Spanish settlers. [259], The satirical drama El Gegense was the first literary work of post-Columbian Nicaragua. [262] Traditional cuisine changes from the Pacific to the Caribbean coast. The early years of independence were characterized by rivalry between the Liberal elite of Len and the Conservative elite of Granada, which often degenerated into civil war, particularly during the 1840s and 1850s. Some 12,000 species of plants have been classified thus far in Nicaragua, with an estimated 5,000 species not yet classified. [127] April 24, 2018 marked the day of the greatest march in opposition of the Sandinista party. 1. There is a significant LDS missionary effort in Nicaragua. Oaks, pines, moss, ferns and orchids are abundant in the cloud forests of the region. 21. [175] Inflation reduced from 33,500% in 1988 to 9.45% in 2006, and the foreign debt was cut in half. [131][132] Nicaragua was one of the few countries that did not enter an INDC at COP21. Other animal life in the area includes different species of monkeys, anteaters, white-tailed deer and tapirs.[151]. Honduras and Costa Rica are its two land bordering countries. 10 Facts About Life Expectancy in Nicaragua Nicaragua is the largest country in Central America and the second most impoverished nation in the Western Hemisphere. 24 interesting facts about Nicaragua - The Facts Institute Rugged terrain, poor soils, and low population density characterize the area as a whole, but the northwestern valleys are fertile and well settled.[142]. Many Nicaraguans live abroad, particularly in Costa Rica, the United States, Spain, Canada, and other Central American countries. 16. Cuzan, Alfred G. (Summer 1994) Letter, Commentary, December 1985 and "The Latin American Studies Association vs. the United States," Academic Questions. This beautiful country also boasts of pristine beaches met by turquoise Caribbean water, lush, green . It was colonized by Spain and has a similar culture to other Spanish-speaking Latin American countries. Luis Somoza Debayle, the eldest son of the late president, was appointed president by the congress and officially took charge of the country. Nicaraguas wettest months are usually from June to October and its driest season from December through May. Of these, 112 were recent converts who claimed Sephardic Jewish ancestry. Their main crops are coffee, bananas, sugarcane, cotton, rice, corn, and sesame. As in many other Latin American countries, maize is a staple food and is used in many of the widely consumed dishes, such as the nacatamal, girila, and indio viejo. In the 2001 elections, the PLC again defeated the FSLN, with Alemn's Vice President Enrique Bolaos succeeding him as president. They can be called upon to mediate between contending parties at moments of political crisis. The geologic activity that produces vulcanism also breeds powerful earthquakes. 6,804,000 Form Of Government: unitary multiparty republic with one legislative house (National Assembly [92 1 ]) . [30] Their food came primarily from hunting and gathering, but also fishing and slash-and-burn agriculture. A system of private schools exists, many of which are religiously affiliated and often have more robust English programs. [233], Buddhism has increased with a steady influx of immigration. The 2005 census showed the foreign-born population at 1.2%, having risen a mere 0.06% in 10 years.[213]. Interesting facts about Nicaragua | Just Fun Facts Out of the seven Central American countries, it is the fourth most populous after Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. Then it joined a group of nearby countries with a central government in Guatemala City called Provinces of Central America. The other elements and manpower that were not devoted to the national police were sent over to cultivate the new Army of Nicaragua. 55 Interesting Facts About Nicaragua - Page 2 of 2 - The Fact File 7 Fascinating Facts About Nicaragua | TravelAwaits [105][106][107][108], In 1983 the U.S. Congress prohibited federal funding of the Contras, but the Reagan administration illegally continued to back them by covertly selling arms to Iran and channeling the proceeds to the Contras in the IranContra affair, for which several members of the Reagan administration were convicted of felonies. [160], The National Police of Nicaragua Force (in Spanish: La Polica Nacional Nicaragense) is the national police of Nicaragua. How does that low productivity affect individuals? [63], In 1941, during the Second World War, Nicaragua declared war on Japan (8 December), Germany (11 December), Italy (11 December), Bulgaria (19 December), Hungary (19 December) and Romania (19 December). The Mosquito Coast is a swampy region in the country's east. The number of immigrants in Nicaragua, from other Latin American countries or other countries, never surpassed 1% of its total population before 1995. El Gegense is a work of resistance to Spanish colonialism that combined music, dance and theatre. Politics of Nicaragua takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Nicaragua is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Top 10 Fascinating Facts About Nicaragua by Ash Sharp fact checked by Jamie Frater Nicaragua, or "Nica-wah-wah" if you're a member of the upper class, is the largest Central American nation. [111], In the Nicaraguan general election, 1990, a coalition of anti-Sandinista parties (from the left and right of the political spectrum) led by Violeta Chamorro, the widow of Pedro Joaqun Chamorro Cardenal, defeated the Sandinistas. info)), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Spain ruled Nicaragua and many countries in Central and South America during the 16th century until the early 19th century. 11. The Garifuna are also present, mainly on the Caribbean Coast. The first is that the name was coined by Spanish colonists based on the name Nicarao,[20] who was the chieftain or cacique of a powerful indigenous tribe encountered by the Spanish conquistador Gil Gonzlez Dvila during his entry into southwestern Nicaragua in 1522. [96] The U.S. also sought to place economic pressure on the Sandinistas, and the Reagan administration imposed a full trade embargo. President Daniel Ortega has stated his intention to use tourism to combat poverty throughout the country. [5] This fluctuates with changes in migration patterns. [24] After exploring and gathering gold[25][29]:35[32]:55 in the fertile western valleys, Gonzlez Dvila and his men were attacked and driven off by the Chorotega, led by chief Diriangn. The main language is Spanish. [144][145][146][147], In addition to its beach and resort communities, the Pacific lowlands contains most of Nicaragua's Spanish colonial architecture and artifacts. When the colonial Spanish came to the country under de Cordoba in the 1500s, they named it after these Nicarao Indians plus all the vast amounts of water the country had (agua is the Spanish word for water). They have long been exploited for their natural resources. [253], Nicaragua was among the many countries in Latin America and the Caribbean to ratify the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, which aimed to promote women's rights. Indigenous tribes called it Cocibolca, meaning "Sweet Sea." It has hundreds of islands and is the only freshwater lake with oceanic life such as sharks, swordfish, and tarpon. Musical instruments include the marimba and others common across Central America. Ports and Waterways", "US Policy: Economic Embargo: The War Goes On", "OAS Study Says Miskito Indians Suffered Abuse From Sandinistas", "NICARAGUAN VOTE:'FREE, FAIR, HOTLY CONTESTED', "1984: Sandinistas claim election victory", "KEY AIDES DISPUTE U.S. ROLE IN NICARAGUAN VOTE", "The Nicaraguan Tangle: Another Exchange,", "Case concerning military and paramilitary activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. United States of America), International Court of Justice, Order of 26 september 1991", The PRIO Battle Deaths Dataset, 19462008, Version 3.0: Documentation of Coding Decisions, "Ortega's Comeback Schemes Roil Nicaragua", "Was February 25 a 'triumph'? 1. During the American Revolutionary War, Central America was subject to conflict between Britain and Spain. The Pacific side is the most populated and popular for surfing among travellers. [32]:92 Crdoba was later publicly beheaded for having defied his superior, Pedro Arias Dvila. [29]:81 Invited by the Liberals in 1855 to join their struggle against the Conservatives, the American adventurer and filibuster William Walker set himself up as President of Nicaragua after conducting a farcical election in 1856; his presidency lasted less than a year. Unauthorized use is prohibited. It is especially loud and celebrated during the Palo de Mayo festival in May. The British brought black slaves to Nicaragua to work on plantations in the 17th century. Ortega vowed he would govern desde abajo (from below). A 1985 government study classified 69.4 percent of the population as poor on the basis that they were unable to satisfy one or more of their basic needs in housing, sanitary services (water, sewage, and garbage collection), education, and employment. Although Nicaragua's capital is Managua, the city of Granada is probably the most popular amongst tourists, and in fact is the oldest city on continental Latin America. Online news publications include Confidencial and The Nicaragua Dispatch. Many Miskito, Mayangna, and Sumo people also speak Miskito Coast Creole, and a large majority also speak Spanish. It came to Nicaragua in the 16th century with the Spanish conquest and remained, until 1939, the established faith. Nicaragua - The World Factbook [25][43] The Spanish tried to convert the tribes to Christianity; Macuilmiquiztli's tribe was baptized,[25][32]:86 but Diriangn was openly hostile to the Spaniards. Around the area's principal city of Bluefields, English is widely spoken along with the official Spanish. [155] Nicaragua has recently banned freshwater fishing of the Nicaragua shark and the sawfish in response to the declining populations of these animals.[156]. The lowland area runs from the Gulf of Fonseca to Nicaragua's Pacific border with Costa Rica south of Lake Nicaragua. [181] Transportation throughout the nation is often inadequate. Its extensive forests, rivers and geography are suited for ecotourism. Canada, Brazil and Argentina host small groups of these communities. The majority speak Miskito Coast Creole as their first language and Spanish as their second. His successor as president was Ren Schick Gutirrez, whom most Nicaraguans viewed "as nothing more than a puppet of the Somozas". [22][23][24][25], The second theory is that the country's name comes from any of the following Nahuatl words: nic-anahuac, which meant 'Anahuac reached this far', or 'the Nahuas came this far', or 'those who come from Anahuac came this far'; nican-nahua, which meant 'here are the Nahuas'; or nic-atl-nahuac, which meant 'here by the water' or 'surrounded by water'. The earliest people are assumed to have been related to Mexicos Aztec and Mayan people of Mexico. Nicaragua has suffered disasters due to hurricanes, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. Managua rose to undisputed preeminence as the nation's capital in 1852 to allay the rivalry between the two feuding cities. The country's total GDP is $10.5 billion. Catholic bishops are expected to lend their authority to important state occasions, and their pronouncements on national issues are closely followed. The students also scheduled another march on that same day for a peaceful protest. Between 2007 and 2009, Nicaragua's major political parties discussed the possibility of going from a presidential system to a parliamentary system. Since Central America is a major subduction zone, Nicaragua hosts most of the Central American Volcanic Arc. It was under British influence for nearly three centuries. Almost all the tiny islands in the Atlantic off the coast of Granada, Nicaragua are for sale. [141] The Pacific lowlands region is the most populous, with over half of the nation's population. Gallo pinto is most usually served with carne asada, a salad, fried cheese, plantains or maduros. After leaving the Presidential House, Sandino's car was stopped by National Guard soldiers and they kidnapped him. The first attempt to conquer Nicaragua was by the conquistador Gil Gonzlez Dvila,[40] who had arrived in Panama in January 1520. Nicaragua is the poorest country in Central America, and has widespread underemployment and poverty. The Garifuna community (Afro-Native American) is known for its popular music called Punta. The series of battles came to be known as the "War of the Captains". [92] The U.S. also carried out a campaign of economic sabotage, and disrupted shipping by planting underwater mines in Nicaragua's port of Corinto,[93] an action condemned by the International Court of Justice as illegal. Nearly one fifth of Nicaragua is designated as protected areas like national parks, nature reserves, and biological reserves. Neutral Managua was chosen instead. Nicaragua is located in the middle of the Americas and this privileged location has enabled the country to serve as host to a great biodiversity. [142], Mining is becoming a major industry in Nicaragua,[180] contributing less than 1% of gross domestic product (GDP). [90] The Contras operated from camps in the neighboring countries of Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. Punctuating this plain are several large volcanoes of the Cordillera Los Maribios mountain range, including Mombacho just outside Granada, and Momotombo near Len. [252] When it came to global rankings regarding gender equality, the World Economic Forum ranked Nicaragua at number twelve in 2015,[252] and in its 2020 report Nicaragua ranked number five, behind only northern European countries. 18 Fun Facts About Nicaragua - Facts.net Its made up of 7 huge landmasses called continents and each one is unique from the others. 18. Also, the depth of the Lake is 26 m. The low plains of the Atlantic Coast are 97km (60mi) wide in areas. On November 18, 1909, U.S. warships were sent to the area after 500 revolutionaries (including two Americans) were executed by order of Zelaya. (Source: Harrell et al. Nicaragua Overview: Development news, research, data | World Bank The first ever national football-only stadium in Managua, the Nicaragua National Football Stadium, was completed in 2011. [82] It is alleged that the planners and perpetrators of the murder were at the highest echelons of the Somoza regime. [97], The Sandinistas were also accused of human rights abuses including torture, disappearances and mass executions. Nicaragua has an army, navy and an air force. Nicaragua, officially "The Republic of Nicaragua," is a country between the Caribbean sea and the Pacific ocean. [268], Boxing is the second most popular sport in Nicaragua. [177] Nearly two-thirds of the coffee crop comes from the northern part of the central highlands, in the area north and east of the town of Estel. The diaspora has seen Nicaraguans settling around in smaller communities in other parts of the world, particularly Western Europe. The myths and oral literature formed the cosmogenic view of the world of the indigenous people. This large rainforest region is irrigated by several large rivers and is sparsely populated. 1. This land boasts the largest lake in Central America Lake Nicaragua. It is over 1500 years old and is still occupied today. The "upper" peasants have sufficient resources to be economically independent. [234] There are also strong Anglican and Moravian communities on the Caribbean coast in what once constituted the sparsely populated Mosquito Coast colony. [67], Nicaragua has experienced several military dictatorships, the longest being the hereditary dictatorship of the Somoza family, who ruled for 43 nonconsecutive years during the 20th century. Both dormant and active volcanoes can be climbed. Nevertheless, it was argued that the true reason for this proposal was to find a legal way for President Ortega to stay in power after January 2012, when his second and last government period was expected to end. The Chinese Nicaraguan population is estimated at 12,000. Only Romania reciprocated, declaring war on Nicaragua on the same day (19 December 1941). The Granada Cathedral towers above the red tile roofs of the city of Granada. There are two missions and 95,768 members of the LDS Church (1.54% of the population). About 9% of Nicaragua's population is black and mainly resides on the country's Caribbean (or Atlantic) coast. The Nicarao was one of the largest groups of early natives. The region of great forests is located on the eastern side of the country. Other kinds of Protestant and other Christian denominations were introduced to the rest of Nicaragua during the 19th century.

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